unstabic.
In the racist stronghold of South Africa repression and resilance. The mas symbolic event was the murder in jail 01 black consciousness leader Sleve Biko, with its undisguised barbarity This quickiy followed by the outlawing of all the major opposition organisations and a number of Nevertheless, indication of the strength of the opposition that the regime was not able to repeat the mass murder of summer and Christmas 1976, despite student protests.
Interne tonal sondeny will hacks of South Africa grew in 1977 so mech sothat the United Natioes Tell obliged to impose 15 years CULTIED black Solidarity with the southern African strug dle will continue to be te cog priority of the international workers movement 10 1975.
lyescaped a militarycoup behind her Congress Party.
theopen.
detectors trom Congress.
an arms THREE of South Asia's dictarors -disappeared in 1977, and the fourth, CHI KAREN DE CREDE SOCAT BASTOW India's Indira Gaudbi was list 1o go, overconfident after two scars o Emergency' that the masses were stil But the relaxation of repression only gave the signal for opposition to come out in In tbe absence of any real alternat ive from the working class parties it was the righr-wing opposition which righe wing which seized the advantage, joined by many 30 I HS Janara — an unscable alliance stretchMR BOSS WINDING WIKI Conned the new Government: But force the release of a large number o lo Pakistan Zullikar Ali Bhutto tries, in ion result, but he made sure of thing by rigeing the poll. This quickly back Fired as mass unrest spilled our onto the streets. There were eveo indicatians that the working class was beginning to organise its own demonstratosition parties. But it wastbemilitary the Pakistan Vators All iance, which cook the initiacive and law. The elections they promised have Sirimavo Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka also cut short a long periad of dia Emergency rule to cry and gain a popular mandate, In a truly remark able clectoral reverse it was again th benefitted, but thi time Jeaving the Tamil independence movement as the man opposition. The ngot quickly tried to deal with that threat by pogroms against the Tantil population.
In a year when nuclear power be cane a polacar issue aan? coun Australia it occupied the with the attacks on civil rights by loderal and state aiminstrations for a wnie l seemed that the Fraser Government, installed two vears ago by a royal coup d'etal, might fall. But io the end the saggering political bankruptcy of the opposition Labour leadership outweighed the widespread opposition to Tory rule, and Labour was trounced at chepalls Indochina remains as inscrutable as ever, with atrocity stories common currency in the bourgeois press and, sadly, nothing coming out of Camboto make us disbelieve them Undoubtedly, many of the reports ure smears, but socialists still have a duty Vietnam and Can bodia now appeare criticism, particularly since beat war.
In China the Mao era is decisively ended. Nothing remains of Mao's cass Libe as Huaand Teng (back lora third bite at the cherry) bring in more of the bagpage of Stalinisan to deai with the increasingly mythical pang DE TOLTS The bureaucracy is taking pre-emprive action to make sure thar the masses never return to file as they did in the late 1960s, But Hua s success is tar arom guaranocu
SOCIALIST CHALLENGE 5 January 1978